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| 10 | </head> |
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| 11 | <body> |
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| 12 | <h1 id="setting-up-bind">Setting up BIND</h1> |
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| 13 | <h2 id="install-the-software">Install the software</h2> |
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| 14 | <pre><code>sudo apt-get install bind9 bind9utils dnsutils</code></pre> |
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| 15 | <p>Let's inspect the <code>/etc/bind</code> directory:</p> |
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| 16 | <pre><code>cd /etc/bind |
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| 17 | ls -l</code></pre> |
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| 18 | <p>You will see a number of files, including:</p> |
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| 19 | <pre><code>named.conf |
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| 20 | named.conf.default-zones |
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| 21 | named.conf.local |
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| 22 | named.conf.options</code></pre> |
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| 23 | <p>Let's take a look at the <code>named.conf</code></p> |
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| 24 | <pre><code>include "/etc/bind/named.conf.options"; |
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| 25 | include "/etc/bind/named.conf.local"; |
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| 26 | include "/etc/bind/named.conf.default-zones";</code></pre> |
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| 27 | <p>As you see named.conf points to 3 include files, used respectively for:</p> |
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| 28 | <ul> |
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| 29 | <li>storing configuration options (.options)</li> |
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| 30 | <li>define the list of zones to load (.local)</li> |
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| 31 | <li>specify zones to be answered "by default" (.default-zones)</li> |
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| 32 | </ul> |
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| 33 | <p>Let's start by looking at options...</p> |
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| 34 | <h2 id="turn-off-recursion">Turn off recursion</h2> |
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| 35 | <p>Start by editing <code>/etc/bind/named.conf.options</code>.</p> |
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| 36 | <p>The first thing we want to do is turn recursion OFF. As explained in class, it's not the role of an authoritative nameserver to respond to recursive queries.</p> |
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| 37 | <pre><code>sudo vi /etc/bind/named.conf.options</code></pre> |
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| 38 | <p>Find the line where it says</p> |
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| 39 | <pre><code> dnssec-validation auto;</code></pre> |
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| 40 | <p>And just below, add:</p> |
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| 41 | <pre><code> recursion no;</code></pre> |
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| 42 | <p>So it should now look like:</p> |
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| 43 | <pre><code> dnssec-validation auto; |
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| 44 | recursion no;</code></pre> |
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| 45 | <p>Save, and exit, the file, then reconfigure your nameserver:</p> |
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| 46 | <pre><code>sudo rndc reconfig</code></pre> |
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| 47 | <p>If all goes well, if you now submit a query to your nameserver for, say, <code>www.google.com</code>, you should see <code>REFUSED</code>:</p> |
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| 48 | <pre><code>dig @127.0.0.1 www.google.com</code></pre> |
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| 49 | <p>Check that this is the case, correct otherwise!</p> |
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| 50 | <p>Bonus: you should also modify <code>/etc/bind/named.conf.default-zones</code>, and <em>remove</em> anything below the "root.db" zone definition.</p> |
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| 51 | <p>After, reconfigure your nameserver as usual.</p> |
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| 52 | <h2 id="load-your-zone">Load your zone</h2> |
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| 53 | <p>The next step is to load the zone that is being generated automatically.</p> |
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| 54 | <p>Make sure you've created a cron job so that your zone is being generated by <code>genzone_client</code>, and you know where it is.</p> |
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| 55 | <p>Edit the file <code>/etc/bind/named.conf.local</code>, and at the bottom of the file, add a statement for your zone:</p> |
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| 56 | <pre><code>zone "myzone" { |
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| 57 | type master; |
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| 58 | file "/home/sysadm/zones/db.myzone"; |
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| 59 | };</code></pre> |
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| 60 | <p>DO remember to replace <code>myzone</code> with the name of your zone :)</p> |
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| 61 | <p>Save the file and exit, then run:</p> |
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| 62 | <pre><code>sudo rndc reconfig</code></pre> |
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| 63 | <p>Check That the zone has loaded properly:</p> |
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| 64 | <pre><code>dig @localhost SOA myzone</code></pre> |
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| 65 | <p>If everything goes well, you should see something like:</p> |
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| 66 | <pre><code>;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 4, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 11 |
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| 67 | ... |
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| 68 | ;; ANSWER SECTION: |
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| 69 | myzone. 18000 IN NS ... |
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| 70 | myzone. 18000 IN NS ... |
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| 71 | myzone. 18000 IN NS ... |
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| 72 | myzone. 18000 IN NS ...</code></pre> |
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| 73 | </body> |
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| 74 | </html> |
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