Agenda: dnssec.txt

Advanced Registry Operations Curriculum

DNSSEC Introduction

1. Install bind - You need openssl before for crypto key features

        # apt-get openssl
        # apt-get install bind9

2. Check the files in /etc/bind

Check and Follow the include files
named.conf 
        options:global options
        local:your zones, 
        default-zones: route-cache, localhost, etc

3. Disable IPv6 

        # ifconfig eth0 inet6 down

4. Start the Server

        # /etc/init.d/bind9 start

5. Check if it's working

        # dig @localhost www.isoc.org

Check with DNSSEC options

        # dig @localhost +dnssec www.isoc.org

See the differences between both queries (EDNS)

6. Enable dnssec in the server

Edit named.conf.options
Include within the options:

        dnssec-enable yes; 
        dnssec-validation yes; 

7. Restart the server

        # /etc/init.d/bind9 restart

8. Query with DNSSEC enabled (the same query we did before)

        # dig @localhost +dnssec www.isoc.org

9. Identify the Differences (Flag ad, RRs: RRSIG)

Query other names and note where the ad flag is present



Insert the root DNS key 

Download the root Key

        # dig +noall +answer DNSKEY . > raiz

See the file with the key

        # more raiz

We should compare it with the published key before using it (it might be forged). 
        Create a DS record using the downloaded root key

        # dnssec-dsfromkey -f raiz .  

Compare this key (received from the root servers) with the published IANA key found in: https://data.iana.org/root-anchors/root-anchors.xml

Edit /etc/bind/named.conf

Insert the Key: (Use the downloaded key)

Example: (it's different in version 9.6 and 9.7)
For 9.6:
trusted-keys {
"." 257 3 8 "
AwEAAagAIKlVZrpC6Ia7gEzahOR+9W29euxhJhVVLOyQbSEW0O8gcCjF
FVQUTf6v58fLjwBd0YI0EzrAcQqBGCzh/RStIoO8g0NfnfL2MTJRkxoX
bfDaUeVPQuYEhg37NZWAJQ9VnMVDxP/VHL496M/QZxkjf5/Efucp2gaD
X6RS6CXpoY68LsvPVjR0ZSwzz1apAzvN9dlzEheX7ICJBBtuA6G3LQpz
W5hOA2hzCTMjJPJ8LbqF6dsV6DoBQzgul0sGIcGOYl7OyQdXfZ57relS
Qageu+ipAdTTJ25AsRTAoub8ONGcLmqrAmRLKBP1dfwhYB4N7knNnulq
QxA+Uk1ihz0= ";
};

For 9.7
managed-keys {
"." initial-key 257 3 8 "
AwEAAagAIKlVZrpC6Ia7gEzahOR+9W29euxhJhVVLOyQbSEW0O8gcCjF
FVQUTf6v58fLjwBd0YI0EzrAcQqBGCzh/RStIoO8g0NfnfL2MTJRkxoX
bfDaUeVPQuYEhg37NZWAJQ9VnMVDxP/VHL496M/QZxkjf5/Efucp2gaD
X6RS6CXpoY68LsvPVjR0ZSwzz1apAzvN9dlzEheX7ICJBBtuA6G3LQpz
W5hOA2hzCTMjJPJ8LbqF6dsV6DoBQzgul0sGIcGOYl7OyQdXfZ57relS
Qageu+ipAdTTJ25AsRTAoub8ONGcLmqrAmRLKBP1dfwhYB4N7knNnulq
QxA+Uk1ihz0= ";
};


Restart the Server

        # /etc/init.d/bind9 restart


Check the same query with the root zone signed

        # dig @localhost +dnssec www.isoc.org

See the differences with previous queries (Flag "ad: Autheticated Data)


Signing a zone

Create the keys 

Llave para firmar las zonas

dnssec-keygen -r/dev/random -a RSASHA1 -b 1024 -n ZONE cctldX.org

Llave para firmar las claves (SEP)

dnssec-keygen -r/dev/random -f KSK -a RSASHA1 -b 1280 -n ZONE cctldX.org

Ver los archivos .key generados

Configure a zone for signing

Create your own zone cctldX.org (Use db.local as an example)

Include the KEYs dentro del archivo

$include KcctldX.org.+005+NNNNN.key ; ZSK 
$include KcctldX.org.+005+NNNNN.key ; KSK 

Sign the zone

dnssec-signzone cctldX.org 

Edit /etc/bind/named.conf.local and add the zone file generated