| 1 | Postfix exercise |
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| 2 | ---------------- |
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| 3 | |
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| 4 | Exercise notes: |
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| 5 | |
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| 6 | To run this exercise, we recomment that you open |
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| 7 | one window (or screen) where you are logged in as root, and |
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| 8 | one where you are logged in as "sanog": |
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| 9 | |
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| 10 | ALT-<F1>: |
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| 11 | |
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| 12 | login: sanog |
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| 13 | password: |
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| 14 | |
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| 15 | $ |
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| 16 | |
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| 17 | ALT-<F2> |
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| 18 | |
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| 19 | login: root |
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| 20 | passwod: |
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| 21 | |
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| 22 | # |
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| 23 | |
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| 24 | ... then you can switch back and forth during the exercises. |
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| 25 | |
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| 26 | Remember: '#' indicates that you should be doing this as root |
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| 27 | '$' indicates that you should be doing this as a non-root user (sanog) |
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| 28 | |
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| 29 | |
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| 30 | |
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| 31 | 1. Make sure that postfix is running: |
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| 32 | |
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| 33 | # ps ax | grep postfix |
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| 34 | |
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| 35 | You should see the "master" process for postfix running |
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| 36 | |
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| 37 | 2. Let's create a new configuration for postfix |
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| 38 | |
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| 39 | # cd /usr/local/etc/postfix |
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| 40 | |
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| 41 | # postconf -n > main.cf.new |
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| 42 | # mv main.cf.new main.cf |
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| 43 | |
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| 44 | 3. Restart postfix, and check that mail is working: |
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| 45 | |
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| 46 | # postfix stop |
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| 47 | # postfix start |
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| 48 | |
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| 49 | # echo "testing mail" | mail -s "test" sanog@localhost |
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| 50 | |
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| 51 | # tail /var/log/maillog |
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| 52 | |
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| 53 | You should see something like this: |
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| 54 | |
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| 55 | Jul 17 17:10:56 noc postfix/pickup[67305]: CCF367303F: uid=0 from=<root> |
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| 56 | Jul 17 17:10:56 noc postfix/cleanup[67454]: CCF367303F: message-id=<20100717111056.CCF367303F@noc.ws3.conference.sanog.org> |
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| 57 | Jul 17 17:10:56 noc postfix/qmgr[59834]: CCF367303F: from=<root@noc.ws3.conference.sanog.org>, size=356, nrcpt=1 (queue active) |
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| 58 | Jul 17 17:10:56 noc postfix/local[67456]: CCF367303F: to=<sanog@localhost.ws3.conference.sanog.org>, orig_to=<sanog@localhost>, relay=local, delay=0.16, delays=0.1/0/0/0.05, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (delivered to mailbox) |
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| 59 | Jul 17 17:10:56 noc postfix/qmgr[59834]: CCF367303F: removed |
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| 60 | |
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| 61 | 4. Try and read the mail |
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| 62 | |
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| 63 | Note: do this as the "sanog" user! |
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| 64 | |
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| 65 | $ id |
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| 66 | uid=1001(sanog) gid=1001(sanog) groups=1001(sanog) |
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| 67 | |
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| 68 | $ mutt |
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| 69 | |
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| 70 | Mutt will ask you: |
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| 71 | |
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| 72 | /home/sanog/Mail does not exist. Create it? ([yes]/no): |
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| 73 | |
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| 74 | ... answer 'yes' |
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| 75 | |
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| 76 | You are now using "mutt", a simple mail client. You can use the arrows |
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| 77 | to move up and down, and press <RETURN> on a mail you want to read. |
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| 78 | |
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| 79 | You should be able to see the mail you sent to the sanog user. |
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| 80 | |
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| 81 | To quit: press 'q', and 'q' again to leave the program. |
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| 82 | |
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| 83 | Note: If you are lost, you can always press the '?' key to get help |
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| 84 | on using mutt. |
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| 85 | |
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| 86 | 5. Let's modify the /etc/aliases file, so we can receive mail for |
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| 87 | other system users into our mailbox: |
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| 88 | |
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| 89 | (As root!) |
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| 90 | |
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| 91 | # ee /etc/aliases (or vi /etc/aliases) |
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| 92 | |
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| 93 | Find the line: |
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| 94 | |
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| 95 | # root: me@my.domain |
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| 96 | |
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| 97 | And replace it with: |
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| 98 | |
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| 99 | root: sanog |
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| 100 | |
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| 101 | ... Look at the rest of the file, and look at the |
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| 102 | various system aliases. |
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| 103 | |
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| 104 | Save the file, and run the "newaliases" command: |
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| 105 | |
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| 106 | # newaliases |
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| 107 | # |
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| 108 | |
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| 109 | |
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| 110 | 6. Try sending mails to the "postmaster" user |
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| 111 | |
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| 112 | # echo "test to postmaster" | mail -s "test postmaster" postmaster@localhost |
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| 113 | |
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| 114 | Send another mail but this time, to operator@wsXX.ws3.conference.sanog.org |
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| 115 | |
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| 116 | ... replace "XX" with the number of your own PC, for example: |
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| 117 | |
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| 118 | # echo "test to my own machine" | mail -s "test operator" operator@wsXX.ws3.conference.sanog.org |
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| 119 | |
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| 120 | |
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| 121 | 7. Check that you received these mails |
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| 122 | |
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| 123 | $ mutt |
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| 124 | |
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| 125 | Check that all mails have been received |
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| 126 | |
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| 127 | A useful key is the 'h' key -- while displaying a mail, this will |
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| 128 | toggle between showing "full" headers, and limited headers. |
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| 129 | |
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| 130 | Use this feature to inspect the mails in your mailbox. |
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| 131 | |
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| 132 | Note the "To:" and "X-Original-To:" headers. |
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| 133 | |
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| 134 | |
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| 135 | 8. Send mail to other users in the class! |
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| 136 | |
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| 137 | Since you were able to send mail to your OWN machine, then you can also |
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| 138 | send mails to other users in the class: |
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| 139 | |
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| 140 | $ echo "hello from wsXX" | mail -s "mail from wsXX" sanog@wsYY.ws3.conference.sanog.org |
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| 141 | $ echo "hello from wsXX" | mail -s "mail from wsXX" sanog@wsZZ.ws3.conference.sanog.org |
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| 142 | |
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| 143 | ... where "XX" is yourself, YY and ZZ are other PCs in the room |
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| 144 | |
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