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12 | </head> |
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13 | <body> |
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14 | <div class="slide titlepage"> |
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15 | <h1 class="title">Understanding Netdot</h1> |
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16 | <p class="author"> |
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17 | |
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18 | </p> |
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19 | </div> |
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20 | <div class="slide"> |
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21 | <h1 id="installation">Installation</h1> |
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22 | <ul> |
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23 | <li>Option 1: install the prebuilt VM image</li> |
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24 | <li>Option 2: install under Ubuntu 10.04 (LTS): <a href="https://osl.uoregon.edu/redmine/projects/netdot/wiki/Installing_Under_Ubuntu_10041_Server"><code class="url">https://osl.uoregon.edu/redmine/projects/netdot/wiki/Installing_Under_Ubuntu_10041_Server</code></a> |
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25 | <ul> |
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26 | <li>Quite a few steps and dependencies. Read carefully.</li> |
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27 | <li>Get help from the netdot-users mailing list!</li> |
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28 | </ul></li> |
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29 | <li>I recommend you set your timezone, and restart mysqld if already installed |
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30 | <ul> |
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31 | <li><code>sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata</code></li> |
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32 | </ul></li> |
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33 | </ul> |
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34 | </div> |
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35 | <div class="slide"> |
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36 | <h1 id="netdot-device">Netdot "Device"</h1> |
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37 | <ul> |
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38 | <li>Represents a piece of <em>infrastructure</em> which you manage via SNMP |
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39 | <ul> |
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40 | <li>e.g. switch, router, AP, server</li> |
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41 | </ul></li> |
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42 | <li>Can add individual devices manually via the GUI (SNMP or not)</li> |
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43 | <li>Add SNMP devices via command line |
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44 | <ul> |
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45 | <li><code>updatedevices.pl -H 10.10.0.254 -I -c NetManage</code></li> |
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46 | </ul></li> |
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47 | <li>Can sweep a subnet for SNMP devices |
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48 | <ul> |
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49 | <li><code>updatedevices.pl -B 10.10.0.0/24 -I -c NetManage</code></li> |
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50 | <li>Warning: everyone will see your community string!</li> |
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51 | <li>And you might want to use the loopback address anyway</li> |
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52 | </ul></li> |
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53 | <li>Or add a list of devices from a text file (see manual)</li> |
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54 | </ul> |
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55 | </div> |
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56 | <div class="slide"> |
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57 | <h1 id="naming-of-devices">Naming of devices</h1> |
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58 | <ul> |
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59 | <li>Each device must have a primary IP and name</li> |
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60 | <li>Several sources, in configurable order, e.g. |
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61 | <ul> |
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62 | <li>resolve SNMP sysName</li> |
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63 | <li>reverse DNS of the snmp target</li> |
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64 | </ul></li> |
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65 | <li>Unfortunately doesn't work well unless your DNS is already working |
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66 | <ul> |
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67 | <li>Not good if you are planning to use Netdot to fix your DNS!</li> |
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68 | </ul></li> |
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69 | <li>The device name is a key in Netdot's DNS tables, but may not be associated with an A record (RR) |
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70 | <ul> |
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71 | <li>This is confusing</li> |
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72 | </ul></li> |
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73 | <li>Device serial numbers are checked, but you only get a warning if they overlap |
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74 | <ul> |
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75 | <li>Sometimes we see the same serial number more than once, e.g. with emulated hardware (dynamips) or faulty equipment</li> |
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76 | </ul></li> |
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77 | </ul> |
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78 | </div> |
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79 | <div class="slide"> |
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80 | <h1 id="end-user-pcs-are-not-devices">End user PCs are not "Devices"</h1> |
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81 | <ul> |
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82 | <li>They are auto-detected from ARP tables and forwarding tables</li> |
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83 | <li>You can search for them by IP or MAC address</li> |
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84 | <li>You can see which switch port they were last plugged into</li> |
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85 | <li>You can see when the IP was last active</li> |
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86 | </ul> |
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87 | </div> |
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88 | <div class="slide"> |
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89 | <h1 id="polling-of-devices">Polling of devices</h1> |
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90 | <ul> |
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91 | <li>A cron job polls your devices periodically (say) every hour |
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92 | <ul> |
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93 | <li>Don't forget to <code>cp netdot.cron /etc/cron.d/netdot</code></li> |
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94 | </ul></li> |
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95 | <li><code>updatedevices.pl -DIFAT</code> |
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96 | <ul> |
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97 | <li>Poll only devices in databases</li> |
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98 | <li>Refresh basic information (sysName, sysLocation etc)</li> |
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99 | <li>Read forwarding tables from switches</li> |
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100 | <li>Read ARP tables from routers</li> |
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101 | <li>Read CDP/LLDP topology</li> |
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102 | </ul></li> |
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103 | </ul> |
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104 | </div> |
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105 | <div class="slide"> |
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106 | <h1 id="address-a.k.a.-ipblock">"Address" (a.k.a. "ipblock")</h1> |
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107 | <ul> |
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108 | <li>Represents a single IP, or a prefix</li> |
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109 | <li>Prefix can be "container" or "subnet" |
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110 | <ul> |
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111 | <li>A "subnet" is something actually seen on a router interface</li> |
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112 | <li>A "container" can contain subnets or other containers (recursively)</li> |
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113 | <li>A "subnet" <em>cannot</em> contain subnets or containers</li> |
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114 | <li>A "container" will be turned into a "subnet" if it's seen on a router interface</li> |
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115 | </ul></li> |
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116 | <li>Single IPs have different states |
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117 | <ul> |
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118 | <li>Static - belongs to a device interface, or manually set to static</li> |
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119 | <li>Discovered - seen in ARP table</li> |
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120 | <li>Dynamic - defined as part of a DHCP pool</li> |
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121 | <li>Reserved - should not be assigned</li> |
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122 | </ul></li> |
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123 | </ul> |
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124 | </div> |
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125 | <div class="slide"> |
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126 | <h1 id="vlans">VLANS</h1> |
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127 | <ul> |
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128 | <li>Discovered from switches/routers</li> |
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129 | <li>Right now, a dot1q tag must be unique across your network</li> |
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130 | </ul> |
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131 | </div> |
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132 | <div class="slide"> |
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133 | <h1 id="dns">DNS</h1> |
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134 | <ul> |
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135 | <li>Must create a DNS zone first, then the records</li> |
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136 | <li>Create reverse DNS zones, or you won't get PTR records created</li> |
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137 | <li>Netdot can create unique DNS names for each device interface, based on e.g. interface type and number |
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138 | <ul> |
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139 | <li>This is configurable, and you can write a module for your own naming convention if you wish</li> |
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140 | </ul></li> |
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141 | </ul> |
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142 | </div> |
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143 | <div class="slide"> |
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144 | <h1 id="dhcp">DHCP</h1> |
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145 | <ul> |
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146 | <li>Can create config files for ISC DHCP server, e.g. to give static IPs to particular hosts</li> |
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147 | <li>Create a DHCP "scope"</li> |
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148 | <li>Then you mark a row individual IPs as "dynamic", using the bulk update facility |
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149 | <ul> |
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150 | <li>So that the DHCP range doesn't have to fall on subnet boundary</li> |
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151 | <li>Probably won't scale to v6 :-)</li> |
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152 | </ul></li> |
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153 | </ul> |
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154 | </div> |
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155 | <div class="slide"> |
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156 | <h1 id="not-convered-in-this-presentation">Not convered in this presentation</h1> |
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157 | <ul> |
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158 | <li>Cable plant</li> |
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159 | <li>Contacts and People</li> |
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160 | <li>Reports</li> |
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161 | <li>Exporting</li> |
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162 | </ul> |
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163 | </div> |
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164 | <div class="slide"> |
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165 | <h1 id="documentation">Documentation</h1> |
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166 | <ul> |
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167 | <li>Finding stuff can be difficult |
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168 | <ul> |
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169 | <li>"I know that Netdot can show my network topology, but where was it again?"</li> |
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170 | </ul></li> |
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171 | <li>It's open source, you can contribute to the documentation |
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172 | <ul> |
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173 | <li>The manual</li> |
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174 | <li>wiki</li> |
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175 | </ul></li> |
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176 | </ul> |
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177 | </div> |
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178 | <div class="slide"> |
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179 | <h1 id="platform">Platform</h1> |
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180 | <ul> |
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181 | <li>apache + mod_perl</li> |
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182 | <li>mysql</li> |
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183 | <li>rrdtool</li> |
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184 | <li>graphviz</li> |
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185 | <li>...lots of perl dependencies</li> |
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186 | </ul> |
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187 | </div> |
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188 | <div class="slide"> |
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189 | <h1 id="database-structure">Database structure</h1> |
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190 | <ul> |
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191 | <li>DB schema diagram: linked from <a href="https://osl.uoregon.edu/redmine/projects/netdot/wiki/Documentation"><code class="url">https://osl.uoregon.edu/redmine/projects/netdot/wiki/Documentation</code></a></li> |
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192 | <li>Traditional SQL design</li> |
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193 | <li>Most important tables: device, ipblock</li> |
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194 | </ul> |
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195 | </div> |
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196 | </body> |
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197 | </html> |
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